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Table of Contents Towards A Technological Reference Model of Bahraini Smart City Ehab Adwan, University of Bahrain, Ehab Juma Adwan
Cultural Values in the Light of Modernity: An Anthropological Observations Among the Nyishi Tribe of Arunachal Pradesh Tame Ramya (Tarh), Rajiv Gandhi University
Comparative Anti-Corruption Reform Approaches and Institutionalization in Public Bureaucracies in Developing Countries: A Review Gedion Onyango, University of Nairobi - Department of Political Science & Public Administration
The Incorporation of the System of Non-Party Caretaker Government in the Constitution of Bangladesh in 1996 as a Means of Strengthening Democracy, Its Deletion in 2011 and the Lapse of Bangladesh into Tyranny Following the Non-Participatory General Election of 2014: A Critical Appraisal M. Ehteshamul Bari, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia - Deakin Law School
Don't Mention the War! Second World War Remembrance and Support for European Cooperation Catherine E. De Vries, VU University Amsterdam - Department of Political Science and Public Administration
Litigating Indigenous Peoples' Rights in Africa: Potentials, Challenges and Limitations Jeremie Gilbert, University of Roehampton
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CULTURE AREA STUDIES eJOURNAL "Towards A Technological Reference Model of Bahraini Smart City" 
Smart Cities Symposium 2018; ISBN: 978-1-78561-942-7 EHAB ADWAN, University of Bahrain, Ehab Juma Adwan
Email: eadwan@uob.edu.bh
Reference architectural models are coherent representations/blueprints of the interaction existing between homogeneous/heterogeneous groups of systems, technologies, and users in complex business domains. Due to its complexity, the smart city domain should embrace a reference architectural model which facilitates coherent capabilities of the interacting application, and infrastructure's capabilities in a certain geographical area from one side and their relevant business users from the other side. Limited reference architectural models were proposed for smart city purposes. However, they lacked coherency, practicality, or quality. This paper discusses the empirical findings of smart cities derived from the literature review articles, investigates Bahrain's readiness for smartness, and proposes the development of a Bahraini Smart City-Technological Reference Architectural Model (BSC-TRAM), based on the insights of federal enterprise architecture framework. The BSC-TRAM was developed based on data collected from 10 public, semi-public, and private organizations, through literature review, interviews, and website content analysis. Findings revealed the availability of 17 Business functions which serve 17 public ministries, 16 directorates, 35 bodies, and 18 private economic units. Also, results revealed 26 application functions and 130 applications categories, and 7 infrastructure functions and 18 infrastructures categories. "Cultural Values in the Light of Modernity: An Anthropological Observations Among the Nyishi Tribe of Arunachal Pradesh"
Online International Interdisciplinary Research Journal, ISSN 2249-9598, Volume-09, Issue-02, Mar-Apr 2019 TAME RAMYA (TARH), Rajiv Gandhi University
Email: taramya@live.com
People and culture are inseparable since there is no denying the fact that what makes any human society is its culture; a Latin word which was derived from "colore" meaning to practice or cherish. For a society to be societal, it must be cultural, therefore, society and culture are also intertwined. The culture of any society is the way of life of its members; the collection of their ideas and habits which they learn, share, and transmit from one generation to the other. In fact, culture is a blueprint for living held by members of a particular society. Tribals are grossly endowed with rich and unprecedented cultural values with which harmony, solidarity, orderliness, sanctity and sanity are ensured within their community. Despite the fact that there were no trained and armed security officers in the olden days as we have today, yet their communities were void of chaos. In view of this, this paper is set to examine some of these tribal cultural values and how the force of modernity has influenced its observance with a particular reference to the Nyishi tribe of Arunachal Pradesh. An attempt also will be made to discuss the concept of modernity and equally on how tribal cultural values were enforced in the traditional societies. In conclusion, recommendations will be made on the need to revive the tribal cultural values as a panacea to the high level of moral decadence in the contemporary tribal societies. "Comparative Anti-Corruption Reform Approaches and Institutionalization in Public Bureaucracies in Developing Countries: A Review" GEDION ONYANGO, University of Nairobi - Department of Political Science & Public Administration
Email: onyangojr@gmail.com
With a change in neo-liberalists' priorities in the global south, a shift from input-output democracy and a fuzzy relationship between democratisation and quality-of-government, has anti-corruption policy movement sizzled-out, especially, considering the popularity of Chinese Aid and the fact that Western donors have seemingly severed anti-corruption reforms from Aid-conditionalities for developing countries? This article shows that the triumph of neo-liberalism as an analytical discourse, mainly, in Anglophone Africa, only explicates the saliency of anti-corruption reforms whose institutional-foundations trace to English's Prevention of Corruption Ordinance, 1916. Often times, anti-corruption reform-approaches tie the genesis of accruing institutions or policies to neo-liberalism, while inattentive to their colonial-heritage and endogenous developments, especially, legislation environments, which also influence unique organizational evolution of Anti-Corruption Authorities (ACAs). It is also shown that albeit anti-corruption reforms have practically become a non-issue in governments of developing regions, that is, they have typically featured double-talks and rather symbolic commitments, they have potentially elicited critical lessons on institutionalization and enhancement of ethical-climate in public bureaucracies. In explicating these developments, therefore, ubiquity of anti-corruption policies is presented and corroborated with the case of Kenya, mainly, to generate insightful analysis and to broadly address the state-of-affairs of anti-corruption reforms across sub-Saharan. "The Incorporation of the System of Non-Party Caretaker Government in the Constitution of Bangladesh in 1996 as a Means of Strengthening Democracy, Its Deletion in 2011 and the Lapse of Bangladesh into Tyranny Following the Non-Participatory General Election of 2014: A Critical Appraisal"
Transnational Law & Contemporary Problems, Vol. 28, 2018 M. EHTESHAMUL BARI, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia - Deakin Law School
Email: mebari@deakin.edu.au
The incumbent governments in most parliamentary democracies conventionally perform in a caretaker capacity the routine functions of the government during the interim period between the conclusion of the term of a parliament and the election of a new one and ensure that such election is held in an impartial manner. In Bangladesh, the failure of successive political governments to conduct free and fair general elections impeded the institutionalization of the concept of democracy as envisaged by the Constitution of Bangladesh, 1972. This ultimately necessitated the enactment of the Constitution (Thirteenth Amendment) Act in 1996, which inserted provisions in the Constitution providing for the establishment of a Non-Party Care-Taker Government upon the dissolution of the Parliament, a concept peculiar to Bangladesh. This government was to be headed by the last retired Chief Justice of the nation, and had the principle mandate of assisting the Election Commission to conduct the general election in a free, fair and impartial manner within 90 days of the dissolution of the Parliament. Consequently, the elections held under the supervision of neutral 'Care-Taker' Governments in 1996, 2001, and 2008 respectively were widely regarded as free and fair, thereby strengthening democracy in the nation. However, on the basis of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court's one-page long "short order" declaring the amendment unconstitutional, the government, led by the Awami League which held an overwhelming majority in Parliament on July 3, 2011, repealed the provisions for the Non-Party Caretaker Government. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the ruling party repealed of the Non-Party Caretaker Government to perpetuate its grip on power as the repeal facilitated the holding of a virtually voter-less and one-sided election in January 2014. It will be further shown that the absence of any democratic accountability has, subsequently, facilitated the establishment of a tyrannical regime in Bangladesh. Accordingly, this Article puts forward a number of recommendations for ensuring the revival of participatory democracy and for preventing the nation from further sinking into the lap of tyranny. "Don't Mention the War! Second World War Remembrance and Support for European Cooperation" CATHERINE E. DE VRIES, VU University Amsterdam - Department of Political Science and Public Administration
Email: devries.cat@gmail.com
At the core of the European project is the idea that through increased state cooperation and dependency, national divisions can be overcome and peace can be secured on the European continent. National and European elites often make reference to past devastations of the Second World War (WWII) in order to convey the added value of European cooperation among the public. Does WWII remembrance enhance public support for European cooperation? By presenting evidence from a set of novel survey experiments conducted in the six largest member states (France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain and the United Kingdom) in July 2017, this contribution shows that reminding people of the devastations of WWII, increases support for their country's cooperation within the European Union (EU) today. Yet, only when it comes to providing assistance for other member states in dire economic need. Reminding people of the devastations of WWII does not make people more willing to extend the rights to EU migrants or contribute to the establishment of an European army. These findings are important as they suggest that WWII remembrance triggers a largely transactional response among the public, a willingness to provide financial support combined with an unwillingness to embrace intra-EU migration or security cooperation. This evidence suggests that securing public support for further deepening of free movement of people and European security cooperation through historical rhetoric might be difficult to achieve. "Litigating Indigenous Peoples' Rights in Africa: Potentials, Challenges and Limitations" JEREMIE GILBERT, University of Roehampton
Email: jeremie.gilbert@roehampton.ac.uk
Adopting a comparative analysis, this article examines some recent litigation which has focused on indigenous peoples' rights across the African continent. The aim is to explore both the potential and the challenges and limitations of litigation as a tool for supporting the rights of indigenous peoples. The article explores the extent to which a specific African jurisprudence is emerging on issues that are essential to indigenous peoples such as non-discrimination, self-identification, land rights and development. It also focuses on the practical issues that arise when engaging with litigation in order to explore the extent to which litigation can contribute to the legal empowerment of some of the most marginalized indigenous communities in Africa. | ^top
About this eJournal Supported by: American Anthropological Association (AAA)
This eJournal distributes working and accepted paper abstracts of studies of specific culture areas. The topics in this eJournal include: Africa; North America; Europe; Middle East; Latin America & South America; Asia & Central Asia; East Asia; South Asia; South East Asia, Oceania, & the Pacific Region; Negative Results - Culture Area Studies.
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